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app.jsvar app = express();// view engine setupapp.set('views', path.join(__dirname, 'views'));app.set('view engine', 'jade');app.use(logger('dev'));app.use(bodyParser.json());app.use(bodyParser.urlencoded({ extended: false }));app.use(cookieParser());app.use(express.static(path.join(__dirname, 'public')));app.use('/', index);app.use('/users', users);app.use(function(req, res, next) {  var err = new Error('Not Found');  err.status = 404;  next(err);});app.use(function(err, req, res, next) {  res.locals.message = err.message;  res.locals.error = req.app.get('env') === 'development' ? err : {};  res.status(err.status || 500);  res.render('error');});console.dir(app._router.stack)

1.logger('dev')：日志中间件

2.bodyParser.json()：json请求解析中间件

3.bodyParser.urlencoded({extended:false})：urlencoded请求解析中间件

4.cookieParser()：cookie解析中间件

5.express.static()：静态资源中间件，好像4.0中去掉了

6.index：为一个router对象

7.users：为一个router对象

最后就是两个匿名中间件函数，挂载在/上，最后输出结果为

[ Layer {    handle: [Function: query],    name: 'query',    params: undefined,    path: undefined,    keys: [],    regexp: { /^\/?(?=\/|$)/i fast_star: false, fast_slash: true },    route: undefined },  Layer {    handle: [Function: expressInit],    name: 'expressInit',    params: undefined,    path: undefined,    keys: [],    regexp: { /^\/?(?=\/|$)/i fast_star: false, fast_slash: true },    route: undefined },  Layer {    handle: [Function: logger],    name: 'logger',    params: undefined,    path: undefined,    keys: [],    regexp: { /^\/?(?=\/|$)/i fast_star: false, fast_slash: true },    route: undefined },  Layer {    handle: [Function: jsonParser],    name: 'jsonParser',    params: undefined,    path: undefined,    keys: [],    regexp: { /^\/?(?=\/|$)/i fast_star: false, fast_slash: true },    route: undefined },  Layer {    handle: [Function: urlencodedParser],    name: 'urlencodedParser',    params: undefined,    path: undefined,    keys: [],    regexp: { /^\/?(?=\/|$)/i fast_star: false, fast_slash: true },    route: undefined },  Layer {    handle: [Function: cookieParser],    name: 'cookieParser',    params: undefined,    path: undefined,    keys: [],    regexp: { /^\/?(?=\/|$)/i fast_star: false, fast_slash: true },    route: undefined },  Layer {    handle: [Function: serveStatic],    name: 'serveStatic',    params: undefined,    path: undefined,    keys: [],    regexp: { /^\/?(?=\/|$)/i fast_star: false, fast_slash: true },    route: undefined },  Layer {    handle:     { [Function: router]       params: {},       _params: [],       caseSensitive: undefined,       mergeParams: undefined,       strict: undefined,       stack: [Array] },    name: 'router',    params: undefined,    path: undefined,    keys: [],    regexp: { /^\/?(?=\/|$)/i fast_star: false, fast_slash: true },    route: undefined },  Layer {    handle:     { [Function: router]       params: {},       _params: [],       caseSensitive: undefined,       mergeParams: undefined,       strict: undefined,       stack: [Array] },    name: 'router',    params: undefined,    path: undefined,    keys: [],    regexp: { /^\/users\/?(?=\/|$)/i fast_star: false, fast_slash: false },    route: undefined },  Layer {    handle: [Function],    name: '
   
    ',    params: undefined,    path: undefined,    keys: [],    regexp: { /^\/?(?=\/|$)/i fast_star: false, fast_slash: true },    route: undefined },  Layer {    handle: [Function],    name: '
    
     ',    params: undefined,    path: undefined,    keys: [],    regexp: { /^\/?(?=\/|$)/i fast_star: false, fast_slash: true },    route: undefined } ]
    
   

可以看到：

1.前面多出了两个中间件：query、expressInit，它们是在lazyrouter方法中设置在根router中的

2.普通中间件层的handle为[Function: query],其中query为中间件方法名，而挂载router对象的方法名为router，匿名中间件方法名为<anonymous>

下面是两个router对象：

index.js/* GET home page. */router.get('/', function(req, res, next) {  res.render('index', { title: 'Express' });});module.exports = router;

users.js/* GET users listing. */router.get('/', function(req, res, next) {  res.send('respond with a resource');});module.exports = router;

打印两个router对象的stack堆

console.dir(app._router.stack[7].handle.stack)console.dir(app._router.stack[8].handle.stack)

输出为：

[ Layer {    handle: [Function: bound dispatch],    name: 'bound dispatch',    params: undefined,    path: undefined,    keys: [],    regexp: { /^\/?$/i fast_star: false, fast_slash: false },    route: Route { path: '/', stack: [Array], methods: [Object] } } ][ Layer {    handle: [Function: bound dispatch],    name: 'bound dispatch',    params: undefined,    path: undefined,    keys: [],    regexp: { /^\/?$/i fast_star: false, fast_slash: false },    route: Route { path: '/', stack: [Array], methods: [Object] } } ]

可以看到：

1.router对象上使用route方法建立的layer的handle为Route对象的dispatch方法，bound意味着这是一个使用bind绑定了this的方法

下面打印Route对象的stack堆

console.dir(app._router.stack[7].handle.stack[0].route.stack)console.dir(app._router.stack[8].handle.stack[0].route.stack)

输出为：

[ Layer {    handle: [Function],    name: '
   
    ',    params: undefined,    path: undefined,    keys: [],    regexp: { /^\/?$/i fast_star: false, fast_slash: false },    method: 'get' } ][ Layer {    handle: [Function],    name: '
    
     ',    params: undefined,    path: undefined,    keys: [],    regexp: { /^\/?$/i fast_star: false, fast_slash: false },    method: 'get' } ]
    
   

1.这里Layer出现了method属性，说明用来处理相应的http请求

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