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HTML与Word格式转换解决方案

项目背景

项目后端使用了Spring Boot和Maven，前端使用了CKEditor富文本编辑器。目前从HTML转换为Word时，发现了几个问题：

依赖管理

为实现Word与HTML的转换，需要引入以下依赖：

• POI（Apache POI）：用于处理Word文档的操作。
• Jsoup：用于解析和操作HTML。
• XDocReport：用于生成Word文档。

   
    
    
        
     
      org.apache.poi
     
        
     
      poi
     
        
     
      3.14.0
     
    
    
    
    
        
     
      org.apache.poi
     
        
     
      poi-scratchpad
     
        
     
      3.14.0
     
    
    
    
    
        
     
      org.apache.poi
     
        
     
      poi-ooxml
     
        
     
      3.14.0
     
    
    
    
    
        
     
      fr.opensagres.xdocreport
     
        
     
      xdocreport
     
        
     
      1.0.6
     
    
    
    
    
        
     
      org.apache.poi
     
        
     
      poi-ooxml-schemas
     
        
     
      3.14.0
     
    
    
    
    
        
     
      org.apache.poi
     
        
     
      ooxml-schemas
     
        
     
      1.3.0
     
    
    
    
    
        
     
      org.jsoup
     
        
     
      jsoup
     
        
     
      1.11.3
     
    
    
   

HTML转Word

1. Word转HTML

将Word文档导出为HTML的实现：

public static String docToHtml() throws Exception {
    File path = new File(ResourceUtils.getURL("classpath:").getPath());
    String imagePathStr = path.getAbsolutePath() + "\\static\\image\\";
    String sourceFileName = path.getAbsolutePath() + "\\static\\test.doc";
    String targetFileName = path.getAbsolutePath() + "\\static\\test.html";
    File file = new File(imagePathStr);
    if (!file.exists()) {
        file.mkdirs();
    }
    HWPFDocument wordDocument = new HWPFDocument(new FileInputStream(sourceFileName));
    org.w3c.dom.Document document = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance().newDocumentBuilder().newDocument();
    WordToHtmlConverter wordToHtmlConverter = new WordToHtmlConverter(document);
    wordToHtmlConverter.setPicturesManager((content, pictureType, name, width, height) -> {
        try (FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(imagePathStr + name)) {
            out.write(content);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return "image/" + name;
    });
    wordToHtmlConverter.processDocument(wordDocument);
    org.w3c.dom.Document htmlDocument = wordToHtmlConverter.getDocument();
    DOMSource domSource = new DOMSource(htmlDocument);
    StreamResult streamResult = new StreamResult(new File(targetFileName));
    TransformerFactory tf = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
    Transformer serializer = tf.newTransformer();
    serializer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.ENCODING, "utf-8");
    serializer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.INDENT, "yes");
    serializer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.METHOD, "html");
    serializer.transform(domSource, streamResult);
    return targetFileName;
}

2. DOCX转HTML

将Word文档导出为HTML的实现：

public static String docxToHtml() throws Exception {
    File path = new File(ResourceUtils.getURL("classpath:").getPath());
    String imagePath = path.getAbsolutePath() + "\\static\\image";
    String sourceFileName = path.getAbsolutePath() + "\\static\\test.docx";
    String targetFileName = path.getAbsolutePath() + "\\static\\test.html";
    OutputStreamWriter outputStreamWriter = null;
    try {
        XWPFDocument document = new XWPFDocument(new FileInputStream(sourceFileName));
        XHTMLOptions options = XHTMLOptions.create();
        options.setExtractor(new FileImageExtractor(new File(imagePath)));
        options.URIResolver(new BasicURIResolver("image"));
        outputStreamWriter = new OutputStreamWriter(new FileOutputStream(targetFileName), "utf-8");
        XHTMLConverter xhtmlConverter = (XHTMLConverter) XHTMLConverter.getInstance();
        xhtmlConverter.convert(document, outputStreamWriter, options);
    } finally {
        if (outputStreamWriter != null) {
            outputStreamWriter.close();
        }
    }
    return targetFileName;
}

3. HTML转Word

实现思路：

public static String writeWordFile(String content) {
    String path = "D:/wordFile";
    Map
   
     param = new HashMap<>();
    if (!"".equals(path)) {
        File fileDir = new File(path);
        if (!fileDir.exists()) {
            fileDir.mkdirs();
        }
        content = HtmlUtils.htmlUnescape(content);
        List
    
   

前端实现

1. 技术选择

选择使用CKEditor作为富文本编辑器，结合File-Saver库实现文件导出。这种方式具有以下优势：

• 灵活性：前端可以直接处理图片和样式。
• 可扩展性：支持表格、图表等复杂元素。
• 跨平台：适用于Vue和Angular等主流框架。

2. 实现细节

1. 后端接口

@PostMapping("/article/htmlFormat")
public Ret html(String html) throws Exception {
    return articleService.formatHtmlStyle(html);
}

2. 服务逻辑

public Ret formatHtmlStyle(String html) throws Exception {
    JSONArray picsArr = new JSONArray();
    Document doc = Jsoup.parse(html);
    Elements elementsP = doc.getElementsByTag("p");
    for (int i = 0; i < elementsP.size(); i++) {
        Element element = elementsP.get(i);
        boolean hasImg = false;
        Elements elementsChildren = element.children();
        for (int j = 0; j < elementsChildren.size(); j++) {
            Element elementChild = elementsChildren.get(j);
            if (elementChild.nodeName().equals("img")) {
                hasImg = true;
                break;
            }
        }
        if (hasImg) {
            element.attr("style", "text-align: center;");
        } else {
            element.attr("style", "font-family: FangSong_GB2312; font-size:18px; text-indent: 2em; line-height:34px; text-align:justify;");
        }
    }
    Elements elements = doc.getElementsByTag("img");
    for (int i = 0; i < elements.size(); i++) {
        Element element = elements.get(i);
        String src = element.attr("src");
        JSONObject picjo = new JSONObject();
        picjo.put("index", i);
        picjo.put("src", CommonUtil.urlToBase64(src));
        picsArr.add(picjo);
        element.attr("src", "" + i);
    }
    Ret ret = Ret.create().setCodeAndMsg(200).set("html", doc.body().html()).set("pics", picsArr);
    return ret;
}

3. 前端实现

1. 安装依赖

npm install file-saver --save
bower install file-saver

2. 导出逻辑

import { saveAs } from 'file-saver';
downloadArticle: function() {
    var FileSaver = require('file-saver');
    var html = "这里是你的html内容";
    this.$axios({
        method: 'post',
        url: '/article/htmlFormat',
        data: new URLSearchParams({
            html: html
        })
    }).then((response) => {
        const _static = {
            mhtml: {
                top: "Mime-Version: 1.0\nContent-Base: " + location.href + "\nContent-Type: Multipart/related; boundary=\"NEXT.ITEM-BOUNDARY\";type=\"text/html\"\n\n--NEXT.ITEM-BOUNDARY\nContent-Type: text/html; charset=\"utf-8\"\nContent-Location: " + location.href + "\n\n\n\n_html_",
                head: "\n
   
   
   \n\n\n",
                body: "_body_"
            }
        };
        const dealhtml = response.data.html;
        const img = response.data.pics;
        let mhtmlBottom = "\n";
        for (let i = 0; i < img.length; i++) {
            const uri = img[i].src;
            const index = img[i].index;
            mhtmlBottom += "--NEXT.ITEM-BOUNDARY\n";
            mhtmlBottom += "Content-Location: " + index + "\n";
            mhtmlBottom += "Content-Type: " + uri.substring(uri.indexOf(":") + 1, uri.indexOf(";")) + "\n";
            mhtmlBottom += "Content-Transfer-Encoding: " + uri.substring(uri.indexOf(";") + 1, uri.indexOf(",")) + "\n\n";
            mhtmlBottom += uri.substring(uri.indexOf(",") + 1) + "\n\n";
        }
        mhtmlBottom += "--NEXT.ITEM-BOUNDARY--";
        const fileContent = _static.mhtml.top.replace("_html_", _static.mhtml.body.replace("_body_", dealhtml)) + mhtmlBottom;
        const blob = new Blob([fileContent], {
            type: "application/msword;charset=utf-8"
        });
        saveAs(blob, `testImage.doc`);
    });
}

4. 注意事项

总结

通过上述方法，可以实现HTML与Word格式的无缝转换。前端负责图片和样式处理，后端负责文本内容转换和格式生成。这种方案既降低了后端的工作强度，又保证了前端的灵活性，适用于复杂的文档转换场景。