初识SpringCloud微服务
发布日期：2021-05-09 04:58:03
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分类：博客文章
本文共 11692 字，大约阅读时间需要 38 分钟。
本文使用生产端与消费端两个工程来展示微服务之间的调用方式
具体内容详见代码注释
生产端工程：
pom.xml
4.0.0 com.cloud.demo micro-provider 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT jar micro-provider Demo project for Spring Boot org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-parent 2.0.6.RELEASE UTF-8 UTF-8 1.8 org.springframework.cloud spring-cloud-dependencies Finchley.SR2 pom import org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-web org.mybatis.spring.boot mybatis-spring-boot-starter 1.3.2 org.springframework.cloud spring-cloud-starter-zookeeper-all org.apache.zookeeper zookeeper org.apache.zookeeper zookeeper 3.4.12 org.slf4j slf4j-log4j12 org.springframework.boot spring-boot-devtools mysql mysql-connector-java org.projectlombok lombok true org.springframework.boot spring-boot-maven-plugin true
application.yml配置
spring: datasource: driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver url: jdbc:mysql:///testdb?useSSL=true username: root password: 123 application: name: provider #配置服务名 cloud: zookeeper: connect-string: localhost:2181 #注册zookeeper地址mybatis: configuration: map-underscore-to-camel-case: true # 配置mybatis字段与实体类属性映射# 配置打印SQL的日志logging: level: com.cloud.demo.microprovider.mapper: debug
UserInfo实体类
package com.cloud.demo.microprovider.domain;import lombok.Getter;import lombok.Setter;import java.util.Date;@Getter //lombok插件生成get方法@Setter //lombok插件生成set方法public class UserInfo { private Integer userId; private String userName; private int userAge; private Date userBirth;} service接口
package com.cloud.demo.microprovider.service;import com.cloud.demo.microprovider.domain.UserInfo;public interface UserService { UserInfo getUserById(Integer userId);} service实现类
package com.cloud.demo.microprovider.service;import com.cloud.demo.microprovider.domain.UserInfo;import com.cloud.demo.microprovider.mapper.UserInfoMapper;import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import javax.annotation.Resource;@Servicepublic class UserServiceImpl implements UserService { @Resource private UserInfoMapper userMapper; @Override public UserInfo getUserById(Integer userId) { return userMapper.getUser(userId); }} Mapper
package com.cloud.demo.microprovider.mapper;import com.cloud.demo.microprovider.domain.UserInfo;import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Select;public interface UserInfoMapper { @Select("SELECT USER_ID, " + "USER_NAME, USER_AGE, " + "USER_BIRTH FROM T_USER WHERE USER_ID=#{userId}") UserInfo getUser(@Param("userId") Integer userId);} Controller
package com.cloud.demo.microprovider.controller;import com.cloud.demo.microprovider.domain.UserInfo;import com.cloud.demo.microprovider.service.UserService;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;@RestControllerpublic class UserController { @Autowired private UserService userService; @GetMapping("user/{id}") public UserInfo getUser(@PathVariable("id") Integer userId) { return userService.getUserById(userId); }} 服务启动类：
package com.cloud.demo.microprovider;import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;@SpringBootApplication@MapperScan("com.cloud.demo.microprovider.mapper")//扫描Mapper到Spring容器中@EnableDiscoveryClient //将服务注册到Zookeeper中管理public class MicroProviderApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(MicroProviderApplication.class, args); }} 消费端工程：
pom.xml
4.0.0 com.gerry.cloud.demo micro-consumer 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT jar micro-consumer Demo project for Spring Boot org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-parent 2.0.6.RELEASE UTF-8 UTF-8 1.8 org.springframework.cloud spring-cloud-dependencies Finchley.SR2 pom import org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-web org.springframework.cloud spring-cloud-starter-zookeeper-all org.apache.zookeeper zookeeper org.apache.zookeeper zookeeper 3.4.12 org.slf4j slf4j-log4j12 org.springframework.boot spring-boot-devtools org.projectlombok lombok true org.springframework.boot spring-boot-maven-plugin true
application.yml配置
server: port: 8888 #为了与生成端端口不同，设置端口号spring: cloud: zookeeper: connect-string: localhost:2181 #注册zookeeper地址 discovery: register: false #设置为false代表不会注册进zookeeper
实体类
package com.gerry.cloud.demo.microconsumer.vo;import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonAlias;import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonFormat;import lombok.Getter;import lombok.Setter;import java.util.Date;@Getter@Setterpublic class UserVo { private Integer userId; @JsonAlias("userName") // 配置json字段映射 private String personName; private int userAge; @JsonFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd") private Date userBirth;} package com.gerry.cloud.demo.microconsumer.config;import org.springframework.boot.SpringBootConfiguration;import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;/** * 把RestTemplate对象装配到spring容器管理 */@SpringBootConfigurationpublic class RestTemplateConfiguration { @Bean @LoadBalanced //负载均衡 public RestTemplate restTemplate() { return new RestTemplate(); }} Controller
package com.gerry.cloud.demo.microconsumer.controller;import com.gerry.cloud.demo.microconsumer.vo.UserVo;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalancerClient;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;@RestControllerpublic class UserWarpController { @Autowired private RestTemplate restTemplate; @Autowired private LoadBalancerClient loadBalancerClient; // 写死访问api方式测试 /*@GetMapping("warp/user/{version}/{id}") public UserVo getUser(@PathVariable("version") double version , @PathVariable("id") Integer userId, String name) { System.out.println(version); System.out.println(name); // url必须是rest风格路径 return restTemplate.getForObject("http://localhost:8080//user/"+userId, UserVo.class); }*/ /*@GetMapping("warp/user/{id}") public UserVo getUser(@PathVariable("id") Integer userId) { //可以实现负载均衡 ServiceInstance serviceInstance = loadBalancerClient.choose("provider"); String host = serviceInstance.getHost(); // 主机名 int port = serviceInstance.getPort(); // 端口号 String url = String.format("http://%s:%s/%s/%d",host, port, "user", userId); System.out.println(url); // url必须是rest风格路径 return restTemplate.getForObject(url, UserVo.class); }*/ @GetMapping("warp/user/{id}") //可以实现负载均衡 public UserVo getUser(@PathVariable("id") Integer userId) { // url必须是rest风格路径 return restTemplate.getForObject("http://provider/user/"+userId, UserVo.class); }} 服务启动类
package com.gerry.cloud.demo.microconsumer;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;@SpringBootApplication@EnableDiscoveryClientpublic class MicroConsumerApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(MicroConsumerApplication.class, args); }}
注意：此篇文章只是测试时使用，只能连接本地zookeeper，不能连接远程zookeeper，原因是zookeeper依赖不对，应改为：
org.springframework.cloud spring-cloud-starter-zookeeper-discovery
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很好
[***.229.124.182]2025年04月12日 10时49分04秒
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