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Docker 要求 CentOS 系统的内核版本高于 3.10 ，查看本页面的前提条件来验证你的CentOS 版本是否支持 Docker 。

通过 uname -r 命令查看你当前的内核版本

[root@localhost ~]# uname -aLinux localhost.localdomain 3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Thu Nov 8 23:39:32 UTC 2018 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

Docker 软件包和依赖包已经包含在默认的 CentOS-Extras 软件源里，安装命令如下：

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install docker

查看docker版本

[root@localhost ~]# docker versionClient: Version:         1.13.1 API version:     1.26 Package version: docker-1.13.1-162.git64e9980.el7.centos.x86_64 Go version:      go1.10.3 Git commit:      64e9980/1.13.1 Built:           Wed Jul  1 14:56:42 2020 OS/Arch:         linux/amd64Server: Version:         1.13.1 API version:     1.26 (minimum version 1.12) Package version: docker-1.13.1-162.git64e9980.el7.centos.x86_64 Go version:      go1.10.3 Git commit:      64e9980/1.13.1 Built:           Wed Jul  1 14:56:42 2020 OS/Arch:         linux/amd64 Experimental:    false[root@localhost ~]#

启动docker

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start docker

开机启动docker

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable dockerCreated symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/docker.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service.

停止docker

 

systemctl stop docker

容器操作

1、搜索镜像[root@localhost ~]# docker search tomcat2、拉取镜像[root@localhost ~]# docker pull tomcat3、根据镜像启动容器docker run --name mytomcat -d tomcat:latest4、docker ps  查看运行中的容器5、 停止运行中的容器docker stop  容器的id6、查看所有的容器docker ps -a7、启动容器docker start 容器id8、删除一个容器 docker rm 容器id9、启动一个做了端口映射的tomcat[root@localhost ~]# docker run -d -p 8888:8080 tomcat-d：后台运行-p: 将主机的端口映射到容器的一个端口    主机端口:容器内部的端口10、为了演示简单关闭了linux的防火墙service firewalld status ；查看防火墙状态service firewalld stop：关闭防火墙11、查看容器的日志docker logs container-name/container-id更多命令参看https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/docker/可以参考每一个镜像的文档

查看镜像、容器、数据卷所占用的空间

[root@localhost ~]# docker system dfTYPE                TOTAL               ACTIVE              SIZE                RECLAIMABLEImages              3                   3                   776.6 MB            0 B (0%)Containers          4                   1                   34.66 kB            1.893 kB (5%)Local Volumes       9                   4                   895.6 MB            491 MB (54%)[root@localhost ~]#

容器退出再次进入报错

[root@localhost ~]# docker run -it -v /home/docker/build:/root/build --privileged -h hadoop1 --name hadoop1 centos /bin/bash/usr/bin/docker-current: Error response from daemon: Conflict. The container name "/hadoop1" is already in use by container a094bdef9e1cac62a17022e568fe9b1eb021e13adf8ed2624a71be5a2e42c618. You have to remove (or rename) that container to be able to reuse that name..See '/usr/bin/docker-current run --help'.[root@localhost ~]#

docker ps: 查看当前运行的容器docker ps -a:查看所有容器，包括停止的。

标题含义：

• CONTAINER ID:容器的唯一表示ID。
• IMAGE:创建容器时使用的镜像。
• COMMAND:容器最后运行的命令。
• CREATED:创建容器的时间。
• STATUS:容器状态。
• PORTS:对外开放的端口。
• NAMES:容器名。可以和容器ID一样唯一标识容器，同一台宿主机上不允许有同名容器存在，否则会冲突。

[root@localhost ~]# docker kill ee2b1b2311afError response from daemon: Cannot kill container ee2b1b2311af: Container ee2b1b2311af214026af0169bc3b5b578a85a1367edfa30f5e5b2b8ed4736917 is not running[root@localhost ~]# docker kill 5acf0e8da90bError response from daemon: Cannot kill container 5acf0e8da90b: No such container: 5acf0e8da90b[root@localhost ~]# docker rm ee2b1b2311afee2b1b2311af[root@localhost ~]# docker imagesREPOSITORY                TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZEdocker.io/rabbitmq        3.8-management      64a1f920fb0d        2 days ago          187 MBdocker.io/redis           latest              1319b1eaa0b7        3 days ago          104 MBdocker.io/elasticsearch   latest              5acf0e8da90b        22 months ago       486 MB[root@localhost ~]# docker run -e ES_JAVA_OPTS="-Xms256m -Xmx256m" -d -p 9200:9200 -p 9300:9300 --name ES01 5acf0e8da90bd43db002b4c39f3d7bfb8e295df0a0163f5d8ea6134ac9454e1803211d2eec53

参数解释：

• -v 表示基于容器的centos系统的/root/build目录与本地/home/hadoop/build共享；这可以很方便将本地文件上传到Docker内部的centos系统；
• -h 指定主机名为hadoop1
• –-name  指定容器名
• /bin/bash  使用bash命令

安装MySQL实例 

docker pull mysql

错误的启动

[root@localhost ~]# docker run --name mysql01 -d mysql42f09819908bb72dd99ae19e792e0a5d03c48638421fa64cce5f8ba0f40f5846mysql退出了[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -aCONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS                           PORTS               NAMES42f09819908b        mysql               "docker-entrypoint.sh"   34 seconds ago      Exited (1) 33 seconds ago                            mysql01538bde63e500        tomcat              "catalina.sh run"        About an hour ago   Exited (143) About an hour ago                       compassionate_goldstinec4f1ac60b3fc        tomcat              "catalina.sh run"        About an hour ago   Exited (143) About an hour ago                       lonely_fermi81ec743a5271        tomcat              "catalina.sh run"        About an hour ago   Exited (143) About an hour ago                       sick_ramanujan//错误日志[root@localhost ~]# docker logs 42f09819908berror: database is uninitialized and password option is not specified   You need to specify one of MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD, MYSQL_ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD and MYSQL_RANDOM_ROOT_PASSWORD；这个三个参数必须指定一个

正确的启动

[root@localhost ~]# docker run --name mysql01 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysqlb874c56bec49fb43024b3805ab51e9097da779f2f572c22c695305dedd684c5f[root@localhost ~]# docker psCONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMESb874c56bec49        mysql               "docker-entrypoint.sh"   4 seconds ago       Up 3 seconds        3306/tcp            mysql01

做了端口映射

[root@localhost ~]# docker run -p 3306:3306 --name mysql02 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysqlad10e4bc5c6a0f61cbad43898de71d366117d120e39db651844c0e73863b9434[root@localhost ~]# docker psCONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                    NAMESad10e4bc5c6a        mysql               "docker-entrypoint.sh"   4 seconds ago       Up 2 seconds        0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp   mysql02

总结：

详细步骤请见

 #1、卸载旧版本 yum remove docker \         docker-client \         docker-client-latest \         docker-common \         docker-latest \         docker-latest-logrotate \         docker-logrotate \         docker-engin #2、下载需要的安装包 yum install -y yum-utils #3、设置镜像仓库（推荐使用aliyun,下载速度较快）  yum-config-manager --add-repo           http://mirror   s.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo #4、更新yum软件包索引 yum makecache fast #4、安装（docker-ce社区版  docker-ee企业版）  yum install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io #5、启动 systemctl start docker #6、查看安装版本 docker version #7、设置开机自动启动 systemctl enable docker.service #8、关闭开机自动启动 systemctl disable docker.service #9、查看是否设置开机启动 systemctl list-unit-files | grep enable

 #1、卸载依赖 yum remove docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io #2、删除资源 sudo rm -rf /var/lib/docker #3、默认工作路径 /var/lib/docker