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xconfig是linux下X Window环境中用于配制的一个工具，和menuconfig相似，但用法更友好方便，用如下命令可以进入配制界面：

make xconfig

因为在ubuntu系统中,编译内核需要安装一些工具,如makemenuconfig或make xconfig,来配置内核参数，但弹出下面的错误信息：

HOSTCC  scripts/basic/fixdep

scripts/basic/fixdep.c:在函数‘traps’中:

scripts/basic/fixdep.c:377:2:警告： 提领类型双关的指针将破坏强重叠规则[-Wstrict-aliasing]

scripts/basic/fixdep.c:379:4:警告： 提领类型双关的指针将破坏强重叠规则[-Wstrict-aliasing]

  HOSTCC scripts/basic/docproc

  HOSTCC scripts/basic/hash

  HOSTCC scripts/kconfig/conf.o

scripts/kconfig/conf.c:在函数‘conf_sym’中:

scripts/kconfig/conf.c:158:6:警告： 变量‘type’被设定但未被使用 [-Wunused-but-set-variable]

scripts/kconfig/conf.c:在函数‘conf_choice’中:

scripts/kconfig/conf.c:230:6:警告： 变量‘type’被设定但未被使用 [-Wunused-but-set-variable]

scripts/kconfig/conf.c:306:9:警告： 忽略声明有warn_unused_result 属性的‘fgets’的返回值 [-Wunused-result]

scripts/kconfig/conf.c:在函数‘conf_askvalue’中:

scripts/kconfig/conf.c:104:8:警告： 忽略声明有warn_unused_result 属性的‘fgets’的返回值 [-Wunused-result]

  HOSTCC scripts/kconfig/kconfig_load.o

  HOSTCC scripts/kconfig/kxgettext.o

  HOSTCC scripts/kconfig/zconf.tab.o

Packageqt-mt was not found in the pkg-config search path.

Perhapsyou should add the directory containing `qt-mt.pc'

to thePKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable

Nopackage 'qt-mt' found

Packageqt-mt was not found in the pkg-config search path.

Perhapsyou should add the directory containing `qt-mt.pc'

to thePKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable

Nopackage 'qt-mt' found

Packageqt-mt was not found in the pkg-config search path.

Perhapsyou should add the directory containing `qt-mt.pc'

to thePKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable

Nopackage 'qt-mt' found

Packageqt-mt was not found in the pkg-config search path.

Perhapsyou should add the directory containing `qt-mt.pc'

to thePKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable

Nopackage 'qt-mt' found

  HOSTCXX scripts/kconfig/qconf.o

scripts/kconfig/qconf.cc:6:26:致命错误： qapplication.h：没有那个文件或目录

编译中断。

make[1]:*** [scripts/kconfig/qconf.o] 错误 1

make:*** [xconfig] 错误 2

 

 

在正常步骤下,除了安装ncurses,还要安装build-essential 和 kernel-package

首先,查询kernel-package信息

#apt-cache show kernel-package

Package:kernel-package

Priority:optional

Section:universe/misc

Installed-Size:1806

Maintainer:Ubuntu Developers <ubuntu-devel-discuss@lists.ubuntu.com>

Original-Maintainer:Manoj Srivastava <srivasta@debian.org>

Architecture:all

Version:12.036+nmu2

Depends:build-essential, make (>= 3.80-10), po-debconf, gettext, file, debianutils(>= 2.30), binutils (>= 2.12), util-linux (>= 2.10o),module-init-tools (>= 0.9.10)

Recommends:cpio

Suggests:linux-source | kernel-source, e2fsprogs (>= 1.41.4), libncurses-dev,docbook-utils, xmlto, bzip2, linux-initramfs-tool, grub (>= 0.93) | grub2,jfsutils (>= 1.1.3), mcelog (>= 0.6), oprofile (>= 0.9), pcmciautils(>= 004), ppp (>= 2.4.0), procps (>= 3.2.0), reiserfsprogs (>=3.6.3), squashfs-tools (>= 4.0), udev (>= 081), xfsprogs (>= 2.6.0),quota, btrfs-tools

Filename:pool/universe/k/kernel-package/kernel-package_12.036+nmu2_all.deb

Size:399694

MD5sum:0168c3dc45aadc08bdfbb96e98a8e6fa

SHA1:3451296ca4b502746152378bb4e9e0560ee2c79c

SHA256:30650206e074e918b27e856a32bfed41e6b0b76e9104bedb45c205e3a4996d6f

Description-en:A utility for building Linux kernel related Debian packages.

 This package provides the capability to createa Debian kernel image

 package by just running make-kpkg kernel_imagein a kernel source

 directory tree.  It can also package the relevant kernelheaders into

 a kernel-headers package. In general, thispackage is very useful if

 you need to create a custom kernel, if, forexample, the default

 kernel does not support some of your hardware,or you wish a leaner,

 meaner kernel. It also scripts the steps that need be taken to

 compile the kernel, which is quite convenient(forgetting a crucial

 step once was the initial motivation for thispackage). Please look at

 /usr/share/doc/kernel-package/Rationale.gz fora full list of advantages

 of this package.

Description-md5:45bea2a67b3b2cf92611d53927d2676e

Bugs:https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+filebug

Origin:Ubuntu

 

查询一下kernel-package安装设置状态,

#apt-cache policy kernel-package

kernel-package:

  已安装：  (无)

  候选软件包：12.036+nmu2

  版本列表：

     12.036+nmu2 0

        500http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise/universe amd64 Packages

所以需要安装kernel-package:

# apt-get install kernel-package

正在读取软件包列表...完成

正在分析软件包的依赖关系树      

正在读取状态信息... 完成      

下列软件包是自动安装的并且现在不需要了：

  zerofree gir1.2-ubuntuoneui-3.0 libdumbnet1dkms libubuntuoneui-3.0-1

  thunderbird-globalmenu

使用'apt-getautoremove'来卸载它们

将会安装下列额外的软件包：

  gettext intltool-debian libgettextpo0libmail-sendmail-perl libsys-hostname-long-perl

  libunistring0 po-debconf

建议安装的软件包：

  gettext-doc linux-source kernel-sourcedocbook-utils xmlto grub grub2 jfsutils mcelog

  oprofile reiserfsprogs squashfs-toolsxfsprogs quota btrfs-tools libmail-box-perl

下列【新】软件包将被安装：

  gettext intltool-debian kernel-packagelibgettextpo0 libmail-sendmail-perl

  libsys-hostname-long-perl libunistring0po-debconf

升级了 0 个软件包，新安装了 8 个软件包，要卸载 0 个软件包，有59 个软件包未被升级。

需要下载 2,414kB 的软件包。

解压缩后会消耗掉8,393 kB 的额外空间。

您希望继续执行吗？[Y/n]y

…

ldconfigdeferred processing now taking place

 

接下来查看build-essential，

#apt-cache policy build-essential

build-essential:

  已安装：  11.5ubuntu2.1

  候选软件包：11.5ubuntu2.1

  版本列表：

 *** 11.5ubuntu2.1 0

        500http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates/main amd64 Packages

        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status

     11.5ubuntu2 0

        500http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise/main amd64 Packages

 

接着安装QT3库, 相关信息：

apt-getinstall libqt3-headers libqt3-mt-dev

然后make xconfig就可以正常化打开下面的界面：

图1

接着apt-get install libqt3-compat-headers，具体为什么还要安装这个，以后再弄明白

到此，执行make xconfig，即可

 

我们通过Make menuconfig也来看看menuconfig界面：

  HOSTCC scripts/kconfig/lxdialog/checklist.o

  HOSTCC scripts/kconfig/lxdialog/inputbox.o

  HOSTCC scripts/kconfig/lxdialog/menubox.o

  HOSTCC scripts/kconfig/lxdialog/textbox.o

scripts/kconfig/lxdialog/textbox.c:在函数‘print_line’中:

scripts/kconfig/lxdialog/textbox.c:323:9:警告： 变量‘x’被设定但未被使用 [-Wunused-but-set-variable]

scripts/kconfig/lxdialog/textbox.c:323:6:警告： 变量‘y’被设定但未被使用 [-Wunused-but-set-variable]

  HOSTCC scripts/kconfig/lxdialog/util.o

  HOSTCC scripts/kconfig/lxdialog/yesno.o

  HOSTCC scripts/kconfig/mconf.o

  HOSTLD scripts/kconfig/mconf

scripts/kconfig/mconfarch/arm/Kconfig

 

 

***End of Linux kernel configuration.

***Execute 'make' to build the kernel or try 'make help'.

弹出下面的对话框：

图2

如果出错，需要sudo apt-get insatll ncurses-dev

对比xconfig和menuconfig的界面，可见xconfig的使用更为 方便。

 

参考链接：

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