Linux环境PHP7.0安装
发布日期:2021-06-30 19:20:23 浏览次数:5 分类:技术文章

本文共 15115 字,大约阅读时间需要 50 分钟。

PHP7和HHVM比较

PHP7的在真实场景的性能确实已经和HHVM相当, 在一些场景甚至超过了HHVM。HHVM的运维复杂, 是多线程模型, 这就代表着如果一个线程导致crash了, 那么整个服务就挂了, 并且它不会自动重启。另外它采用JIT, 那么意味着, 重启以后要预热, 没有预热的情况下, 性能较为糟糕。并且多线程模型调试困难, 这对于追求稳定来说的Web服务来说, 是非常不适合的。

Nginx以及PHP7.0之前的版本可以参考此文:

PHP7.0正式版已经在2015年11月份左右发布,目前是PHP7.0.2版本,本人最早是从2015年8月php7的第一个测试版跟起,现在正式版发布。

linux版本:64位CentOS 6.6

Nginx版本:nginx1.8.0

php版本:php-7.0.2

下载

# wget  http://php.net/get/php-7.0.2.tar.gz/from/a/mirror

建议安装之前先看看安装帮助文件
INSTALL
解压安装
#
tar zxvf php-7.0.2.tar.gz
#
cd php-7.0.2
首先查看安装帮助
#
./configure   --help
#
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php \
 --with-curl \
 --with-freetype-dir \
 --with-gd \
 --with-gettext \
 --with-iconv-dir \
 --with-kerberos \
 --with-libdir=lib64 \
 --with-libxml-dir \
 --with-mysqli \
 --with-openssl \
 --with-pcre-regex \
 --with-pdo-mysql \
 --with-pdo-sqlite \
 --with-pear \
 --with-png-dir \
 --with-xmlrpc \
 --with-xsl \
 --with-zlib \
 --enable-fpm \
 --enable-bcmath \
 --enable-libxml \
 --enable-inline-optimization \
 --enable-gd-native-ttf \
 --enable-mbregex \
 --enable-mbstring \
 --enable-opcache \
 --enable-pcntl \
 --enable-shmop \
 --enable-soap \
 --enable-sockets \
 --enable-sysvsem \
 --enable-xml \
 --enable-zip

如果配置错误,需要安装需要的模块,直接yum一并安装依赖库

# yum -y install libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel mysql pcre-devel

注意:安装php7beta3的时候有几处配置不过去,需要yum一下,现在php-7.0.2已经不用这样了。
#
yum -y install curl-devel
#
yum -y install libxslt-devel
编译安装
#
make &&  make install
配置文件
cp php.ini-development /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
#
cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
#
cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
#
cp -R ./sapi/fpm/php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
需要注意的是php7中www.conf这个配置文件配置phpfpm的端口号等信息,如果你修改默认的9000端口号需在这里改,再改nginx的配置
启动
#  /etc/init.d/php-fpm
查看phpinfo()


php7和php5性能分析比较
生成一个 60 万元素的数组,通过查找key 的方式,来确定key是否存在。
PHP 5.4.44 版
[root@localhost www5.4.44]# time /usr/local/php5.4.44/bin/php search_by_key.php
real    0m0.351s
user    0m0.300s
sys     0m0.050s
PHP 5.5.28 版
[root@localhost www]# time /usr/local/php/bin/php search_by_key.php
real    0m0.361s
user    0m0.304s
sys     0m0.057s
PHP 7.0.0 版
[root@localhost www7]# time /usr/local/php7/bin/php search_by_key.php
real    0m0.114s
user    0m0.097s
sys     0m0.017s
很明显php7的性能是php5的3倍!
配置opcache
官网地址:http://php.net/opcache

使用下列推荐设置来获得较好的 性能:

opcache.memory_consumption=128opcache.interned_strings_buffer=8opcache.max_accelerated_files=4000opcache.revalidate_freq=60opcache.fast_shutdown=1opcache.enable_cli=1

你也可以禁用 并且启用 。 需要提醒的是,在生产环境中使用上述配置之前,必须经过严格测试。 因为上述配置存在一个已知问题,它会引发一些框架和应用的异常, 尤其是在存在文档使用了备注注解的时候。 

vim /usr/local/php7/etc/php.ini
# 加入
zend_extension=/usr/local/php7/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20141001/opcache.so

重启

# killall php-fpm

#  /etc/init.d/php-fpm

如果上图不太明白,可以使用文末Opcache 状态测试代码(https://gist.github.com/ck-on/4959032)进行演示:

Opcache 状态测试代码(https://gist.github.com/ck-on/4959032)进行演示:
1 || php_sapi_name()=='cli' || empty($_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']) ) { die; } // weak block against indirect access $time=time();define('CACHEPREFIX',function_exists('opcache_reset')?'opcache_':(function_exists('accelerator_reset')?'accelerator_':'')); if ( !empty($_GET['RESET']) ) { if ( function_exists(CACHEPREFIX.'reset') ) { call_user_func(CACHEPREFIX.'reset'); }header( 'Location: '.str_replace('?'.$_SERVER['QUERY_STRING'],'',$_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']) );exit;} if ( !empty($_GET['RECHECK']) ) {if ( function_exists(CACHEPREFIX.'invalidate') ) {$recheck=trim($_GET['RECHECK']); $files=call_user_func(CACHEPREFIX.'get_status');if (!empty($files['scripts'])) {foreach ($files['scripts'] as $file=>$value) {if ( $recheck==='1' || strpos($file,$recheck)===0 ) call_user_func(CACHEPREFIX.'invalidate',$file);}}header( 'Location: '.str_replace('?'.$_SERVER['QUERY_STRING'],'',$_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']) );} else { echo 'Sorry, this feature requires Zend Opcache newer than April 8th 2013'; }exit;} ?>OCP - Opcache Control Panel

Opcache Control Panel

Opcache not detected?'; die; } if ( !empty($_GET['FILES']) ) { echo '

files cached

'; files_display(); echo '
'; exit; } if ( !(isset($_REQUEST['GRAPHS']) && !$_REQUEST['GRAPHS']) && CACHEPREFIX=='opcache_') { graphs_display(); if ( !empty($_REQUEST['GRAPHS']) ) { exit; } } ob_start(); phpinfo(8); $phpinfo = ob_get_contents(); ob_end_clean(); // some info is only available via phpinfo? sadly buffering capture has to be usedif ( !preg_match( '/module\_Zend (Optimizer\+|OPcache).+?(\
]*\>.+?\<\/table\>).+?(\
]*\>.+?\<\/table\>)/s', $phpinfo, $opcache) ) { } // todo if ( function_exists(CACHEPREFIX.'get_configuration') ) { echo '

general

'; $configuration=call_user_func(CACHEPREFIX.'get_configuration'); } $host=function_exists('gethostname')?@gethostname():@php_uname('n'); if (empty($host)) { $host=empty($_SERVER['SERVER_NAME'])?$_SERVER['HOST_NAME']:$_SERVER['SERVER_NAME']; }$version=array('Host'=>$host);$version['PHP Version']='PHP '.(defined('PHP_VERSION')?PHP_VERSION:'???').' '.(defined('PHP_SAPI')?PHP_SAPI:'').' '.(defined('PHP_OS')?' '.PHP_OS:'');$version['Opcache Version']=empty($configuration['version']['version'])?'???':$configuration['version'][CACHEPREFIX.'product_name'].' '.$configuration['version']['version'];print_table($version); if ( !empty($opcache[2]) ) { echo preg_replace('/\
\[^>]+\<\/td\>\[0-9\,\. ]+\<\/td\>\<\/tr\>/','',$opcache[2]); } if ( function_exists(CACHEPREFIX.'get_status') && $status=call_user_func(CACHEPREFIX.'get_status') ) {$uptime=array();if ( !empty($status[CACHEPREFIX.'statistics']['start_time']) ) {$uptime['uptime']=time_since($time,$status[CACHEPREFIX.'statistics']['start_time'],1,'');}if ( !empty($status[CACHEPREFIX.'statistics']['last_restart_time']) ) {$uptime['last_restart']=time_since($time,$status[CACHEPREFIX.'statistics']['last_restart_time']);}if (!empty($uptime)) {print_table($uptime);}if ( !empty($status['cache_full']) ) { $status['memory_usage']['cache_full']=$status['cache_full']; }echo '

memory

';print_table($status['memory_usage']);unset($status[CACHEPREFIX.'statistics']['start_time'],$status[CACHEPREFIX.'statistics']['last_restart_time']);echo '

statistics

';print_table($status[CACHEPREFIX.'statistics']);} if ( empty($_GET['ALL']) ) { meta_display(); exit; }if ( !empty($configuration['blacklist']) ) { echo '

blacklist

'; print_table($configuration['blacklist']); } if ( !empty($opcache[3]) ) { echo '

runtime

'; echo $opcache[3]; } $name='zend opcache'; $functions=get_extension_funcs($name);if (!$functions) { $name='zend optimizer+'; $functions=get_extension_funcs($name); }if ($functions) { echo '

functions

'; print_table($functions); } else { $name=''; } $level=trim(CACHEPREFIX,'_').'.optimization_level';if (isset($configuration['directives'][$level])) {echo '

optimization levels

'; $levelset=strrev(base_convert($configuration['directives'][$level], 10, 2));$levels=array(1=>'
Constants subexpressions elimination (CSE) true, false, null, etc.
Optimize series of ADD_STRING / ADD_CHAR
Convert CAST(IS_BOOL,x) into BOOL(x)
Convert
INIT_FCALL_BY_NAME +
DO_FCALL_BY_NAME into
DO_FCALL',2=>'Convert constant operands to expected types
Convert conditional
JMP with constant operands
Optimize static
BRK and
CONT',3=>'Convert $a = $a + expr into $a += expr
Convert $a++ into ++$a
Optimize series of
JMP',4=>'PRINT and ECHO optimization (
defunct)',5=>'Block Optimization - most expensive pass
Performs many different optimization patterns based on
control flow graph (CFG)',9=>'Optimize
register allocation (allows re-usage of temporary variables)',10=>'Remove NOPs');echo '
';foreach ($levels as $pass=>$description) {$disabled=substr($levelset,$pass-1,1)!=='1' || $pass==4 ? ' white':'';echo '
';}echo '
Pass Description
'.$pass.' '.$description.'
';} if ( isset($_GET['DUMP']) ) {if ($name) { echo '

ini

'; print_table(ini_get_all($name,true)); }foreach ($configuration as $key=>$value) { echo '

',$key,'

'; print_table($configuration[$key]); }exit;} meta_display(); echo ''; exit; function time_since($time,$original,$extended=0,$text='ago') { $time = $time - $original;$day = $extended? floor($time/86400) : round($time/86400,0);$amount=0; $unit='';if ( $time < 86400) {if ( $time < 60) { $amount=$time; $unit='second'; }elseif ( $time < 3600) { $amount=floor($time/60); $unit='minute'; }else { $amount=floor($time/3600); $unit='hour'; } }elseif ( $day < 14) { $amount=$day; $unit='day'; }elseif ( $day < 56) { $amount=floor($day/7); $unit='week'; }elseif ( $day < 672) { $amount=floor($day/30); $unit='month'; }else { $amount=intval(2*($day/365))/2; $unit='year'; }if ( $amount!=1) {$unit.='s';} if ($extended && $time>60) { $text=' and '.time_since($time,$time<86400?($time<3600?$amount*60:$amount*3600):$day*86400,0,'').$text; }return $amount.' '.$unit.' '.$text;} function print_table($array,$headers=false) {if ( empty($array) || !is_array($array) ) {return;}echo '
';if (!empty($headers)) {if (!is_array($headers)) {$headers=array_keys(reset($array));}echo '
';foreach ($headers as $value) { echo '
'; }echo '
';}foreach ($array as $key=>$value) {echo '
';if ( !is_numeric($key) ) {$key=ucwords(str_replace('_',' ',$key));echo '
';if ( is_numeric($value) ) {if ( $value>1048576) { $value=round($value/1048576,1).'M'; }elseif ( is_float($value) ) { $value=round($value,1); }}}if ( is_array($value) ) {foreach ($value as $column) {echo '
';}echo '
';}else { echo '
'; }}echo '
',$value,'
',$key,' ',$column,'
',$value,'
';} function files_display() { $status=call_user_func(CACHEPREFIX.'get_status');if ( empty($status['scripts']) ) {return;}if ( isset($_GET['DUMP']) ) { print_table($status['scripts']); exit;}$time=time(); $sort=0;$nogroup=preg_replace('/\&?GROUP\=[\-0-9]+/','',$_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']);$nosort=preg_replace('/\&?SORT\=[\-0-9]+/','',$_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']);$group=empty($_GET['GROUP'])?0:intval($_GET['GROUP']); if ( $group<0 || $group>9) { $group=1;}$groupset=array_fill(0,9,''); $groupset[$group]=' class="b" ';echo '
ungroup |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5
';if ( !$group ) { $files =& $status['scripts']; }else { $files=array();foreach ($status['scripts'] as $data) {if ( preg_match('@^[/]([^/]+[/]){'.$group.'}@',$data['full_path'],$path) ) {if ( empty($files[$path[0]])) { $files[$path[0]]=array('full_path'=>'','files'=>0,'hits'=>0,'memory_consumption'=>0,'last_used_timestamp'=>'','timestamp'=>''); }$files[$path[0]]['full_path']=$path[0];$files[$path[0]]['files']++;$files[$path[0]]['memory_consumption']+=$data['memory_consumption']; $files[$path[0]]['hits']+=$data['hits'];if ( $data['last_used_timestamp']>$files[$path[0]]['last_used_timestamp']) {$files[$path[0]]['last_used_timestamp']=$data['last_used_timestamp'];}if ( $data['timestamp']>$files[$path[0]]['timestamp']) {$files[$path[0]]['timestamp']=$data['timestamp'];} } }}if ( !empty($_GET['SORT']) ) {$keys=array('full_path'=>SORT_STRING,'files'=>SORT_NUMERIC,'memory_consumption'=>SORT_NUMERIC,'hits'=>SORT_NUMERIC,'last_used_timestamp'=>SORT_NUMERIC,'timestamp'=>SORT_NUMERIC);$titles=array('','path',$group?'files':'','size','hits','last used','created');$offsets=array_keys($keys);$key=intval($_GET['SORT']);$direction=$key>0?1:-1;$key=abs($key)-1;$key=isset($offsets[$key])&&!($key==1&&empty($group))?$offsets[$key]:reset($offsets);$sort=array_search($key,$offsets)+1;$sortflip=range(0,7); $sortflip[$sort]=-$direction*$sort;if ( $keys[$key]==SORT_STRING) {$direction=-$direction; }$arrow=array_fill(0,7,''); $arrow[$sort]=$direction>0?' ▼':' ▲';$direction=$direction>0?SORT_DESC:SORT_ASC;$column=array(); foreach ($files as $data) { $column[]=$data[$key]; }array_multisort($column, $keys[$key], $direction, $files);} echo '
';foreach ($titles as $column=>$title) {if ($title) echo '
';}echo '
';foreach ($files as $data) {echo '
',($group?'
':''),'
','
','
','
';}echo '
',$title,$arrow[$column],'
x',$data['full_path'],' '.number_format($data['files']).' ',number_format(round($data['memory_consumption']/1024)),'K ',number_format($data['hits']),' ',time_since($time,$data['last_used_timestamp']),' ',empty($data['timestamp'])?'':time_since($time,$data['timestamp']),'
';} function graphs_display() {$graphs=array();$colors=array('green','brown','red');$primes=array(223, 463, 983, 1979, 3907, 7963, 16229, 32531, 65407, 130987);$configuration=call_user_func(CACHEPREFIX.'get_configuration');$status=call_user_func(CACHEPREFIX.'get_status'); $graphs['memory']['total']=$configuration['directives']['opcache.memory_consumption'];$graphs['memory']['free']=$status['memory_usage']['free_memory'];$graphs['memory']['used']=$status['memory_usage']['used_memory'];$graphs['memory']['wasted']=$status['memory_usage']['wasted_memory']; $graphs['keys']['total']=$status[CACHEPREFIX.'statistics']['max_cached_keys']; foreach ($primes as $prime) { if ($prime>=$graphs['keys']['total']) { $graphs['keys']['total']=$prime; break;} }$graphs['keys']['free']=$graphs['keys']['total']-$status[CACHEPREFIX.'statistics']['num_cached_keys'];$graphs['keys']['scripts']=$status[CACHEPREFIX.'statistics']['num_cached_scripts'];$graphs['keys']['wasted']=$status[CACHEPREFIX.'statistics']['num_cached_keys']-$status[CACHEPREFIX.'statistics']['num_cached_scripts']; $graphs['hits']['total']=0;$graphs['hits']['hits']=$status[CACHEPREFIX.'statistics']['hits'];$graphs['hits']['misses']=$status[CACHEPREFIX.'statistics']['misses'];$graphs['hits']['blacklist']=$status[CACHEPREFIX.'statistics']['blacklist_misses'];$graphs['hits']['total']=array_sum($graphs['hits']); $graphs['restarts']['total']=0;$graphs['restarts']['manual']=$status[CACHEPREFIX.'statistics']['manual_restarts'];$graphs['restarts']['keys']=$status[CACHEPREFIX.'statistics']['hash_restarts'];$graphs['restarts']['memory']=$status[CACHEPREFIX.'statistics']['oom_restarts'];$graphs['restarts']['total']=array_sum($graphs['restarts']); foreach ( $graphs as $caption=>$graph) {echo '
',$caption,'
'; foreach ($graph as $label=>$value) {if ($label=='total') { $key=0; $total=$value; $totaldisplay='
'; continue;}$percent=$total?floor($value*100/$total):''; $percent=!$percent||$percent>99?'':$percent.'%';echo '
',$totaldisplay,'
';$key++; $totaldisplay='';}echo '
'.($total>999999?round($total/1024/1024).'M':($total>9999?round($total/1024).'K':$total)).'
', ($value>999999?round($value/1024/1024).'M':($value>9999?round($value/1024).'K':$value)),' ',$percent,' ',$label,'
',"\n";}} function meta_display() {?>
参考:
    写的比较好
   测试方法

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[***.144.177.141]2024年04月21日 12时10分42秒